Fig. 8

Illustration of axial parameter maps of \(K_{1}\) (\({\text{ml}}/cm^{3} /{\text{min}}\)), \(k_{2}\) (\(1/min\)), \(k_{3}\) (\(1/min\)), and \(K_{i}\) (\({\text{ml}}/cm^{3} /{\text{min}}\)) from subject 10, showing a comparison between AIF extracted from the descending aorta (\(IDIF_{DA}\)) and brain with an automated framework (\(IDIF_{Auto}\)). The AIF errors between the two methods were \(AUC_{error}\) = − 5.84% and NRMSE = 0.14