Brain 18 F-FDG PET reveals cortico-subcortical hypermetabolic dysfunction in juvenile neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

EJNMMI Research

Table 1 Clinical, MRI and therapeutic data of the cohort of j-NPSLE patients

Patient	Time	Age	MRI	Ttt	SLEDAI	Neurological features	Mood score	Dep score	Anx score	Rhyt score	vHal score	aHal score	Cat score	Cog score	Slow score	Conf score	Global NP score
#1	Dg PET1	16y9m 18y3m	Sc,Inf	GLpo/MMF	13 8	- -	2 0	3 0	2 2	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	2 0	2 0	0 0	11 2
#2	Dg PET1	14y 14y7m	Sc	Gpo/MMF/H	42 0	- -	0 1	0 0	0 0	2 1	2 0	2 0	0 0	2 1	2 0	0 0	10 3
#3	Dg PET1	11y7m 11y8m	Nl	Gpo/CYC/H	26 0	- -	0 0	0 0	0 0	2 0	0 0	2 0	0 0	3 0	0 0	0 0	7 0
#4	Dg PET1	15y3m 15y11m	Sc	Gpo/MMF/H	24 18	- -	1 1	1 1	0 0	1 0	2 0	1 0	0 0	1 1	0 0	0 0	7 3
#5	Dg PET1 PET2	15y4m 15y6m 16y	Sc Sc	Gpo/CYC Gpo	36 36 NA	Pyr SD, Tetraplegia Distal motor deficit -	0 0 0	0 0 0	0 0 0	3 0 0	2 0 0	1 0 0	0 0 0	3 1 0	2 0 0	0 0 0	11 1 0
#6	Dg PET1 PET2	16y4m 16y4m 17y9m	Nl Nl	Gpo/H Gpo/MMF/H	8 8 8	- - -	3 3 2	3 3 2	2 2 3	0 0 2	2 2 0	2 2 0	0 0 0	1 1 0	2 2 0	0 0 0	15 15 9
#7	Dg (CT)PET1 PET2	15y4m 16y1m 16y10m	Nl Nl	Gpo/MMF/H MMF/H	21 NA 20	- - -	2 0 2	2 0 2	0 0 0	2 1 2	1 0 2	0 0 2	0 0 0	2 0 0	1 0 2	0 0 0	10 1 12
#8	Dg PET1 PET2	14y 15y5m 16y2m	Nl Nl	MMF/H -	NA NA NA	- - -	0 0	0 1	0 1	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 1	0 0	0 0	0 3
#9	Dg PET1 PET2	11y3m 11y5m 12y4m	At At	Gpo/END Gpo/MMF	48 6 6	Pyr SD - -	1 0 0	0 0 0	0 0 0	0 1 0	3 0 0	3 0 0	3 1 0	3 2 1	3 0 0	3 0 0	19 4 1
#10	Dg (CT)PET1 (CT)PET2	14y11m 15y1m 15y7m	At	Gpo/CYC/H Gpo/H	23 10 16	Pyr SD - -	0 2 1	0 1 1	0 1 3	1 2 0	0 0 0	0 0 0	0 0 0	1 0 1	0 0 2	0 0 0	2 6 8
#11	Dg PET1 PET2 PET3	13y5m 14y7m 14y10m 16y5m	Nl Nl Nl	Gpo/ABA/H Gpo/ABA/H Gpo/ABA/H	22 2 2 22	- - - -	3 1 1 2	3 1 1 3	0 0 0 0	0 0 0 3	2 1 0 0	2 1 0 0	0 0 0 0	1 0 1 2	0 0 0 0	0 0 0 0	11 4 3 10

Dg Diagnosis of NPSLE (Neuropsychiatric lupus), PET Positron Emission Tomography, y years, m months, - none
MRI Nl = normal Sc = subcortical hypersignal (T2, FLAIR) At = cortico-subcortical atrophia (T1) Inf = limited cortical infarct (T1, T2, FLAIR)
Ttt Treatment: Gpo Glucocorticoide per os, Gbo Glucocorticoide bolus, MMF Mycophenolate, CYC Cyclophosphamide, ABA Abatacept, END Endoxan, H Hydroxychloroquine
SLEDAI SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) Disease Activity Index, Pyr SD Pyramidal syndrome
Dep Depression, Anx Anxiety, Rhyt Inversion of the nocturnal rhythm, vHal/aHal Visual/Auditory Hallucinations, Cat Catatonia, Cog Cognition, Slow Psychomotor slowing, Conf Acute mental confusion, NP Neuropsychiatric
Local Neuropsychiatric (NP) scores (including exclusively the psychiatric symptoms): 0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe