Vessel-by-vessel analysis of lower extremity 18F-NaF PET/CT imaging quantifies diabetes- and chronic kidney disease-induced active microcalcification in patients with peripheral arterial disease

Chou, Ting-Heng; Rimmerman, Eleanor T.; Patel, Surina; Wynveen, Molly K.; Eisert, Susan N.; Musini, Kumudha Narayana; Janse, Sarah A.; Bobbey, Adam J.; Sarac, Timur P.; Atway, Said A.; Go, Michael R.; Stacy, Mitchel R.

doi:10.1186/s13550-023-00951-0

EJNMMI Research

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of lower extremity microcalcification

From: Vessel-by-vessel analysis of lower extremity ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT imaging quantifies diabetes- and chronic kidney disease-induced active microcalcification in patients with peripheral arterial disease

	Univariate			Multivariate
Characteristic	Beta	95% CI	P value	Beta	95% CI	P value
Femoral-popliteal artery
Age	0.00	− 0.05, 0.05	0.95
Body mass index	0.05	− 0.01, 0.12	0.12
Sex (male)	− 0.57	− 1.7, 0.56	0.32
Diabetes mellitus	1.6	0.42, 2.7	0.009	1.5	0.29, 2.8	0.017
Chronic kidney disease	1.2	0.08, 2.3	0.035	1.1	− 0.01, 2.2	0.053
Statin use	− 1.6	− 2.9, − 0.25	0.021	− 1.6	− 2.9, − 0.37	0.012
CT calcium mass	0.0004	− 0.00, 0.00	0.064	0.0004	0.00, 0.00	0.028
Anterior tibial artery
Age	0.01	− 0.02, 0.03	0.63
Body mass index	0.05	0.01, 0.09	0.009
Sex (male)	0.35	− 0.28, 1.0	0.27
Diabetes mellitus	0.92	0.29, 1.5	0.005	0.71	0.02, 1.4	0.044
Chronic kidney disease	0.76	0.15, 1.4	0.015	0.60	0.00, 1.2	0.051
Statin use	− 0.58	− 1.3, 0.18	0.13	− 0.70	− 1.4, 0.01	0.052
CT calcium mass	0.001	− 0.004, 0.002	0.15	0.0009	− 0.00, 0.00	0.18
Tibioperoneal trunk
Age	0.00	− 0.04, 0.05	0.84
Body mass index	0.09	0.03, 0.15	0.005
Sex (male)	0.53	− 0.54, 1.6	0.32
Diabetes mellitus	1.8	0.74, 2.8	0.001	1.4	0.27, 2.6	0.017
Chronic kidney disease	1.8	0.77, 2.7	< 0.001	1.5	0.52, 2.5	0.003
Statin use	− 1.0	− 2.3, 0.23	0.11	− 1.3	− 2.5, − 0.07	0.039
CT calcium mass	0.001	− 0.004, 0.008	0.58	0.0009	− 0.005, 0.007	0.763
Posterior tibial artery
Age	0.00	− 0.02, 0.03	0.78
Body mass index	0.06	0.03, 0.09	< 0.0001
Sex (male)	0.58	0.03, 1.1	0.038
Diabetes mellitus	0.90	0.34, 1.5	0.002	0.60	0.01, 1.2	0.046
Chronic kidney disease	0.77	0.24, 1.3	0.006	0.57	0.07, 1.1	0.026
Statin use	− 0.24	− 0.93, 0.45	0.49	− 0.39	− 1.0, 0.22	0.21
CT calcium mass	0.0009	− 0.001, 0.003	0.434	0.0009	− 0.001, 0.003	0.344
Peroneal artery
Age	0.00	− 0.03, 0.03	0.78
Body mass index	0.08	0.04, 0.11	< 0.001
Sex (male)	0.40	− 0.29, 1.1	0.25
Diabetes mellitus	1.1	0.37, 1.8	0.003	0.63	− 0.09, 1.3	0.087
Chronic kidney disease	1.1	0.52, 1.8	< 0.001	0.91	0.33, 1.5	0.003
Statin use	− 0.11	− 1.0, 0.73	0.79	− 0.28	− 1.0, 0.47	0.45
CT calcium mass	0.00003	− 0.003, 0.004	0.987	0.0015	− 0.002, 0.005	0.387

Bold value indicates P<0.05

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