Fig. 1
From: Imaging pheochromocytoma in small animals: preclinical models to improve diagnosis and treatment
Adapted from Blanchet et al., 2011 [82])
Available PET tracers for imaging of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Depicted are receptors of chromaffin cells used as targets for PET imaging (LAT large amino acid transporter, NET Norepinephrine transporter, SSTR Somatostatin receptor, GLUT = glucose transporter) and their tracers ([18F]-DOPA = [18F]-dihydroxyphenylalanine; [68Ga]-DOTA-X = derivatives of [68Ga]1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid, e.g., DOTATATE, DOTA-NOC, DOTA-TOC, [99mTc] -HYNIC-TOC = [99mTc]-hydrazinonicotinyl-Tyr3-octreotide, [18F]-FDG = , [18F]-Fluordesoxyglucose). The vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) transports catecholamines as norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI) and dopamine (DA) into secretory vesicles, from where they are released into the extracellular matrix. Reuptake or norepinephrine is mediated via the NET transporter. (