Fig. 1
a Examples of activations in auditory and extra-auditory regions (AR and eAR separated by blue line), during general anesthesia in a child and awake state in an adult patient detected with different cut-off levels used for statistical inferences (all smoothed with a filter kernel of [20 mm]3). Stimulation was done via cochlear implant (upper row) and promontory needle electrode (lower row), respectively. Note: A realistic size of activations in AR during narcosis was only achieved using the cut-off levels of p < 0.01 or p < 0.05. At the same time, relatively less activation in eAR is seen during anesthesia compared to waking state with these cut-off levels. b Corresponding t-maps to the examples displayed below a. The t-map from the study acquired during general anesthesia in a child nicely depicts the activated auditory cortices with p < 0.01 (color scale green/blue), while the t-map reflecting the waking state study in an adult patient did the same with p < 0.001 (color scale dark red/brown). Using p < 0.01 for the latter would result into pseudo-activation up to the ventral frontal cortex