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Halothane
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Potent anaesthetic
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Highly metabolised (hepatotoxic)
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Induction 3% to 4% Maintenance 1% to 2% (rats and mice)
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High therapeutic index
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Cardiovascular depressant
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Rapid induction and recovery (1 to 3 min)
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Moderate hypotension: reduction in cardiac output and peripheral vasodilatation)
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Adequate muscle relaxation
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Respiratory depressant
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Non-irritant, non-flammable nor explosive
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Halothane sensitises the heart to catecholamines (sympathetic stimulation)
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Easy to vaporise
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Isoflurane
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Similar physical properties to halothane
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Decreases arterial blood pressure (vasodilatation)
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Induction 3% to 4% (rats and mice) Maintenance: 1.5% to 2% (mice)1.5% to 2.5% (rats)
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Rapid induction and recovery
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More expensive than halothane
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Low toxicity and metabolic activity: highly safe
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Strong smell: aversive
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Suitable for high frequency and long-term anaesthesia
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More potent respiratory depressant than halothane
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Minimal cardiovascular depression
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Moderate respiratory depression
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Good muscle relaxation
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