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0
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Often absent; if present, laminated and limited to 1 to 2 thin layers; eccentric and often related to off-center drill defect
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Haversian canals small and repair rate slow; polymorphonuclear leukocytes not in granulation tissue; occasional subperiosteal resorptive pockets, but no polymorphonuclear leukocytes
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Quick repair with woven bone; inflammatory cells range from none to foci of many intact polymorphonuclear leukocytes; these leukocytes associated with macrophage clean-up; diffuse process
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1
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Usually laminated with 1 to 2 layers; often eccentric but not related to off-center drill defect
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Occasional polymorphonuclear leukocytes in Haversian canals
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Subtle, diffuse increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes; microabscesses present, but hard to find
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2
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Sunburst type; often nearly circumferential; no apparent cause
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Focally enlarged Haversian canals filled with granulation tissue and fragmented polymorphonuclear leukocytes; occasional microabscess
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Definite diffuse increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes with fragmented forms; several definite microabscesses
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3
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Florid, always sunburst type; circumferential
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Subperiosteal, endosteal, and intracortical resorption associated with fragmented polymorphonuclear leukocytes; microabscesses
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Many microabscesses or great increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes diffusely
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4
| | |
As above, but with sinus-tract formation and soft-tissue microabscesses
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