Table 4 Comparison of effective doses (ED) according to ICRP60 and absorbed doses to kidneys between available studies on RGD-based radiopharmaceuticals assuming 1-h voiding cycle. Mean ± SD are reported

¹⁸F-Galacto-RGD (Beer et al.) [37]

18

18.68 ± 2.42

29.52 ± 11.95

¹⁸F-RGD-K5 (Doss et al.) [34]

4

15 ± 1

45 ± 10

¹⁸F-FPPRGD2^a (Mittra et al.) [33]

5

39.6 ± 18.1

97.6 ± 50.2

⁶⁸Ga-NOTA RGD (Kim et al.) [36]

10

24.98 ± 4.39

71.61 ± 28.38

⁶⁸Ga-DOTA-E [cRGDfK]2^a (Lopey-Rodriguez et al.) [35]

5

20.9 ± 5.1

53.8 ± 5.3^b

⁶⁸Ga-NODAGA-RGDyK (this study)

5^b

19.3 ± 1.8^b

46.4 ± 11.3^b