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EJNMMI Research

Table 1 Clinical and 18F-FDG PET/CT characteristics in the training cohort

From: Predicting the nature of pleural effusion in patients with lung adenocarcinoma based on 18F-FDG PET/CT

Characteristics

MPE

(n = 172)

BPE

(n = 117)

P Value

Age (mean ± SD, range, years)

60 ± 12 (24–89)

59 ± 13 (20–89)

0.648

Sex, n

   

Male

97

67

0.904

Female

75

50

 

Smoking history, n

   

Yes

74

48

0.808

No

98

69

 

CEA (ng/mL), n

   

 > 6.0

91

13

 < 0.001*

 ≤ 6.0

81

104

 

CYFRA211 (ng/mL), n

   

 > 4.0

31

14

0.188

 ≤ 4.0

141

103

 

NSE (ng/mL), n

   

 > 20

27

11

0.156

 ≤ 20

145

106

 

PET/CT parameters

   

SUVmax of prime tumor (mean ± SD, range)

8.0 ± 4.8 (2.1–24.9)

6.4 ± 5.7 (0.6–27.7)

0.011*

Tumor size (mean ± SD, range, mm)

36 ± 15 (7–84)

32 ± 15 (6–76)

0.067

Tumor attachment to the pleura

142

42

 < 0.001*

Tumor with SUVmax ≥ 2.5 and attachment to the pleura

138

15

 < 0.001*

Obstructive atelectasis or pneumonia

78

15

 < 0.001*

Pleural thickening ≥ 3 mm

146

84

0.008*

Pleural thickening ≥ 10 mm

122

69

0.043*

Focal pleural thickening ≥ 10 mm

69

42

0.538

Diffuse smooth pleural thickening

17

15

0.450

Diffuse irregular pleural thickening

54

19

0.004*

SUVmax of pleura (mean ± SD, range)

4.2 ± 2.2 (0.9–12.5)

2.5 ± 1.3 (1.0–8.5)

 < 0.001*

Pleural thickening ≥ 3 mm with SUVmax ≥ 2.5

130

51

 < 0.001*

Pleural thickening ≥ 10 mm with SUVmax ≥ 2.5

113

43

 < 0.001*

Focal pleural thickening ≥ 10 mm with SUVmax ≥ 2.5

61

20

0.001*

Diffuse smooth pleural thickening with SUVmax ≥ 2.5

17

13

0.845

Diffuse irregular pleural thickening with SUVmax ≥ 2.5

52

16

0.001*

Pleural calcification

2

4

0.226

Unilateral/bilateral pleural effusion

158 / 14

100 / 17

0.120

CT attenuation value of pleural effusion (mean ± SD, range, HU)

10 ± 5 (0–23)

8 ± 5 (0–23)

0.004*

SUVmax of pleural effusion (mean ± SD, range)

1.7 ± 0.5 (0.6–3.0)

1.2 ± 0.4 (0.1–3.0)

 < 0.001*

Hilar or mediastinal lymph node enlargement

127

95

0.158

SUVmax of hilar or mediastinal lymph node (mean ± SD, range)

6.0 ± 4.2 (0.6–20.3)

4.9 ± 4.6 (0.4–24.5)

0.032*

Hilar or mediastinal lymph node enlargement with SUVmax ≥ 2.5

114

75

0.707

  1. *Statistically significant data
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