Fig. 3
From: In vitro proof of concept studies of radiotoxicity from Auger electron-emitter thallium-201
201Tl radiotoxicity—nuclear DNA damage. Average number of foci per nucleus in DU145 cells and MDA-MD-231 cells after 90 min incubation a with [201Tl]TlCl in medium b with 0.9% NaCl (negative control), an equivalent volume of [201Tl]TlCl-decayed sample or [201Tl]TlCl. A range of 26–72 nuclei per condition were analysed across all experiments; same settings were kept within the experiment. 3–9 pixel units were set as a typical diameter of foci. Bars represent mean ± SD, n = 3, * indicates P < 0.05, ns—not significant. c Exemplar confocal microscopy images (100×, field contain minimum 26 nuclei) of DU145 cells incubated for 90 min with 0.9% NaCl (negative control), an equivalent volume of [201Tl]TlCl-decayed sample or [201Tl]TlCl followed by immunofluorescence staining with green fluorescence for γH2AX (smart gain and smart offset were kept constant for all conditions in the experiment). Nuclear DNA is stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar—25 μm