Fig. 3

Patient (case # 14) with a history of hip prosthesis implantation performed 8 months before imaging. The results of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT (upper row) and ⁶⁸Ga-citrate PET/CT (lower row) are presented. a–d The green arrows indicate an increased ¹⁸F-FDG uptake occurring in necrotic tissue located within a swollen left quadratus femoris muscle. There was also evidence of an increased ¹⁸F-FDG uptake occurring at the bone-prosthesis interface (cup component; blue arrow). Taken together, these findings were suggestive of an infectious process which was confirmed intraoperatively (presence of cloudy synovial fluid and necrotic tissue). e–h The blue arrows indicate an increased ⁶⁸Ga-citrate uptake occurring at the bone-prosthesis interface (especially in the proximal portion). An osteolytic change in the anterior cortex of the left femur was observed on a CT image, accompanied by an increased ⁶⁸Ga-citrate uptake (which was present in the adjacent bone marrow as well, red arrows)