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Monte Carlo simulation
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Simulation of certain number of particles. Manual particle energy cut-off values
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Very accurate, includes tissue density heterogeneities and cross-fire dose
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Many simulation parameters. Long-calculation times
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Not applicable for clinical routine. Calculation of S values and dose kernels
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S values
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Homogeneous radioactivity distribution in tissue
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Fast, easy, commonly used and generally accepted
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Based on reference phantoms, mean absorbed dose per tumour or organ
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Organs and lesions without superimposition. Toxicity studies
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Dose kernels
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Homogeneous radioactivity distribution within one voxel, infinite homogeneous tissue density
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DVH and isodose lines, patient-specific
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Calculated for each radionuclide, not tissue specific. Mean absorbed dose per voxel
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Patient-specific voxel-based tumour and normal tissue dosimetry
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Local energy deposition
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All energy is absorbed in the source voxel
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Fast
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Not suitable for photons
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Primarily for β−- and α-emitters
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