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Table 5 Effect of safety margins on tumor coverage

From: Accuracy of tumor segmentation from multi-parametric prostate MRI and 18F-choline PET/CT for focal prostate cancer therapy applications

N = 9

Volume of tumor segmentation with a 5-mm safety margin (mL)

Underestimated volume of tumor despite a 5-mm safety margin (mL)

Percentage of underestimated tumor volume despite a 5-mm safety margin (%)

Volume of tumor segmentation with a 10-mm safety margin (mL)

Underestimated volume of tumor despite a 10-mm safety margin (mL)

Percentage of underestimated tumor volume despite a 10-mm safety margin (%)

Minimum necessary safety margin to ensure complete coverage (mm)

Reader 1 (seg1)

4.83 ± 3.97 [3.48; 1.81–13.7]

0.27 ± 0.24 [0.3; 0.0–0.6]

14.6 ± 15.7 [8.4; 0.0–47.6]

11.01 ± 6.33 [9.61; 5.43–24.94]

0.11 ± 0.32 [0.0; 0.0–0.95]

1.91 ± 4.74 [0.0; 0.0–14.29]

8.78 ± 3.63 [9.0; 2.0–15.0]

Reader 2 (seg2)

4.55 ± 1.72 [5.15; 1.66–6.99]

0.57 ± 0.72 [0.2; 0.0–1.8]

19.2 ± 15.9 [19.6; 0.0–49.1]

10.67 ± 3.19 [11.33; 5.09–15.95]

0.13 ± 0.25 [0.01; 0.0–0.77]

3.60 ± 6.74 [0.72; 0.0–20.64]

9.67 ± 3.71 [11.0; 3.0–15.0]

18F-Choline PETEdge (seg3)

7.42 ± 6.62 [6.06; 1.94–24.15]

0.15 ± 0.19 [0.02; 0.0–0.48]

7.61 ± 10.2 [3.5; 0.0–31.2]

14.27 ± 8.40 [12.47; 5.46–34.38]

0.004 ± 0.013 [0.0; 0.0–0.04]

0.15 ± 0.46 [0.0; 0.0–1.38]

7.33 ± 2.78 [7.0; 3.0–11.0]

Combined (seg4)

8.88 ± 6.50 [7.1; 2.44–24.83]

0.03 ± 0.05 [0.02; 0.0–0.14]

2.04 ± 2.84 [0.54; 0.0–8.0]

*P = 0.03

# P = 0.01

16.07 ± 8.06 [14.17; 6.58–35.35]

0.0 ± 0.0 [0.0; 0.0–0.0]

0.0 ± 0.0 [0.0; 0.0–0.0]

6.00 ± 1.87 [5.0; 3.0–9.0]

  1. Mean ± standard deviation [median; minimum–maximum range]
  2. VOI volume of interest
  3. *Combined vs. reader 1
  4. #Combined vs. reader 2