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Table 1 Histological assessment criteria for renal damage (adapted from Rolleman et. al, EJNMMI 2007 [16])

From: Nephroprotective effects of enalapril after [177Lu]-DOTATATE therapy using serial renal scintigraphies in a murine model of radiation-induced nephropathy

Grade

Overview

Glomeruli

Tubules

Mild

More or less normal aspect

Apoptosis of endothelium cells

Apoptotic cells

High glomerular cell count

Inflammatory infiltrate

Rough protein staining

Little dilation

Normal basal membrane

No proteine cylinders

Moderate

Tubular dilation

Same as grade 1

More apoptotic cells

Tubular cell damage

More pronounced dilation

 

Thickened basal membrane

Little tubular protein cylinders

Regenerating cells (mitotic activity)

Pronounced

Stronger tubular dilation

Smaller vascular lumina, few erythrocytes

Flat epithelium

Cell-rich infiltrate

Partly, complete loss of epithelium

Regenerating tubules

Stronger dilation

Inflammatory infiltrate

Regeneration present

More thickened basal membrane

Severe

Severe tubular dilation

Same as grade 3

Same as grade 3, but more empty cylinders

More optical empty space due to glomerular shrinkage

Peripheral fibrosis