The diagnostic accuracy of dopamine transporter SPECT imaging to detect nigrostriatal cell loss in patients with Parkinson’s disease or clinically uncertain parkinsonism: a systematic review

Suwijn, Sven R; van Boheemen, Caroline JM; de Haan, Rob J; Tissingh, Gerrit; Booij, Jan; de Bie, Rob MA

doi:10.1186/s13550-015-0087-1

EJNMMI Research

Table 1 Patient and study characteristics

From: The diagnostic accuracy of dopamine transporter SPECT imaging to detect nigrostriatal cell loss in patients with Parkinson’s disease or clinically uncertain parkinsonism: a systematic review

Author, year	Number of patients	Target population	Inclusion criteria	Prospective or retrospective?	Reference standard	Mean disease duration at 1st scan (y ± SD)	Mean age at imaging (y ± SD)	Mean Hoehn and Yahr score	Mean UPDRS motor score at imaging (OFF state, 0 to 108)	Mean follow-up between scans (y + SD)	Radiotracer	SPECT judged visually, template or drawn	Drug stopped appropriate before SPECT?	SPECT judged blindly for results of reference standard?
Chouker, 2001 [20]	8	Clinical PD	Step 1 + 2 UKPDS criteria + response to dopaminomimetics	Prospective	2nd DAT SPECT	3.6^¥, 1 to 6*	57.0, 40 to 76*	2.0 ± 0.8	-	2.0	IPT	Template	Unclear	Unclear
Marek, 2001 [22]	32	Clinical PD	Step 1 + 2 UKPDS criteria	Prospective	2nd DAT SPECT	2.5^¥ ± 2.4	60.0 ± 11.7	1.8 ± 0.7	18.2 ± 8.7	2.3 ± 0.9	Beta	Drawn	Unclear	Yes
Pirker, 2002 [23]	36	Clinical PD	Step 1 + 2 UKPDS criteria	Prospective	2nd DAT SPECT	4.7^¥ ± 2.9	60.0 ± 11.0	2.1 ± 0.4	-	2.2 ± 0.3	Beta	Drawn	Yes	Yes
Marshall, 2009 [49]	99	Clinically uncertain parkinsonism	Step 1 UKPDS criteria	Prospective	2nd DAT SPECT	2.4^ǂ	60.8 ± 4.8	1.5 ± 0.3	9.6 ± 1.3	3.0	fpcit	Visual	Yes	Yes
Isaias, 2010 [48]	13	Clinical PD	Steps 1 to 3 UKPDS criteria	Prospective	2nd DAT SPECT	5.0^¥ ± 2.8	63.4 ± 8.5	-	17.2 ± 6.0	3.2 ± 1.0	fpcit	Template	Yes	Unclear
Perju-Dumbrava, 2012 [46]	8	Pathologically proven PD	Neuropathological diagnosis of PD + DAT scan during lifetime	Retrospective	Pathological evaluation	4.1^¥ ± 4.8	68.0 ± 7.2	-	-	3.7 ± 3.0^ʠ	Beta	Drawn	Unclear	Unclear
Colloby, 2012 [47]	12	Pathologically proven PDD	PDD according to McKeith criteria + DAT scan during lifetime	Retrospective	Pathological evaluation	7.9^¥ ± 6.3	70.8 ± 4.3	-	35.8 ± 11.9	3.3 ± 1.7^ʠ	fpcit	Template	Unclear	Unclear
Eggers, 2012 [45]	27	Clinical PD	Steps 1 to 3 UKPDS criteria	Retrospective	2nd DAT SPECT	3.9^¥	61.7 ± 11.2	-	25.9 ± 5.2	2.5 ± 0.7	fpcit	Template	Yes	Yes

PD, Parkinson’s Disease; SD, standard deviation; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale; beta, [¹²³I] β-carboxymethyoxy-3-beta-(4-iodophenyl) tropane; fpcit, [¹²³I]-fluoropropyl-carbomethoxy-3β-4-iodophenyltropane; IPT, ¹²³I-N-(3-iodopropen-2-yl)-2-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-chlorophenyl) tropane; SPECT, single-photon emission computed tomography; CI, confidence interval; PDD, Parkinson’s disease dementia; DAT, dopamine transporter; UKPDS, United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease society.
^*Full range instead of standard deviation.
^¥Disease duration calculated from diagnosis.
^ǂDisease duration calculated from first symptoms.
^ʠIn this study, the interval is referring to the time between DAT SPECT imaging and pathological evaluation.

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