Transbilayer phospholipids molecular imaging

EJNMMI Research

Table 3 Phosphatidylethanolamine-based radiolabelled molecular imaging probes

Molecular target	Molecular probes	AA	MW (kDa)	Affinity (M)	Biological functions	Isotopes	Imaging techniques
PE	duramycin	19	2	10^-9	apoptosis necrosis	^99mTc ^a	SPECT(CT)
PE	ethanolamine N'N-dimethyl ethanolamine	-	-	-	ethanolamine metabolism (tumour proliferation)	¹⁴C ^b	PET(CT)
PE ^c	hypericin	-	0.504	-	necrosis	¹²³I, ¹³¹I ^99mTc	SPECT(CT)
						⁶⁴Cu ^d	PET(CT)

^a HYNIC has been used as a bifunctional chelating agent for the radiolabelling of duramycin. ^b ethanolamine or N,N'-dimethylethanolamine labelled with ¹⁴C in preclinical in vitro research may be labelled with ¹¹C or ¹⁸F for PET(CT) in vivo imaging. ^{c 64}Cu-bis-DOTA-hypericin has a selective binding affinity for PS and PE (ref.45); it may be hypothesised that ¹²³I-, ¹³¹I- and ^99mTc-labelled hypericin derivatives bind to PS and PE. ^d bis-DOTA has been used as a bifunctional chelating agent for the radiolabelling of hypericin. AA, amino acids; MW, molecular weight; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PET(CT), positron emission tomography (computed tomography); SPECT(CT), single-photon emission computed tomography (computed tomography).